April 24th, 2009 by admin

Understanding attitudes. The importance and role of attitudes are stressed as central features in psychology, sociology and related disciplines in business management and administration. Almost everyone regardless of the nature of his occupation or industry is concerned with the concepts of attitude. Managers are interested in worker’s attitude as they might affect morale and productivity. We all have intuitive understanding of what attitudes are.

The inquiries are intended to reveal for assessment our mental set of inclination to respond in a certain way when a given situation or object is presented to us.

Positive attitudes are objects or ideas that we like and have tendency to acquire, such as money, diamonds, beauty, knowledge, industriousness, honesty, love for work. Negative attitudes are those we shun or dislike for they do not give any satisfaction.

April 17th, 2009 by admin

Organizations are highly interesting areas for studying behavior. Organizations have great influence on our lives, for both good and bad.

Organizations are so complex that one has to look into the system of values and relationships so as to understand the organization as a social system.

A system may be defined as a series of interrelated and interdependent parts, such that the interaction or interplay of any of the subsystems affect the whole. Organization, where human behavior exists is likened to a human system where each organ and limb has a function properly in a coordinated manner if it has to be efficient and healthy.

Role is the sum total behavior patterns expected of a person in his activities involving other roles. For every recognized position there is an expectation widely shared by the members of the community of what should be the behavior of persons who occupy that position.

Status is a position accorded to an individual in the social system. The coordination and control of the activities of the members of a society are achieved through systems of positions and roles.

Organizations is a human activity and, at the same time, it is a group of people. It exists because of an objective which it seeks to obtain effectively and efficiently

As a social system the organization comprises many interrelated subsystem or groups which include the administrative/ structural subsystems, the information/ decision making subsystem the economic technological subsystem, and the human social subsystem.

Human resource is important fro three related but different point of view. In its capacity as determinants of technology.

March 24th, 2009 by admin

Organizations have highly specific purposes. A school is set up for the purpose of educating students; A government bureau is set up to provide specific services to its citizenry; a firms purpose is to produce and market goods and services.

Specificity of purpose varies between and among organizations,. Some conglomerates put no limitations of the kind of goods and services they may do business with.

Organizations not only have specific purpose but they are organized to achieve these- hence the programmed activities. In a firm for example, raw materials are purchased, processed, and marketed to earn the firm a profit. Machinery is acquired, repaired, overhauled periodicaly for the same purpose. This specificity of purpose and of the means by which these purposes are attained is a visible and important characteristics of organizations.

February 10th, 2009 by admin

Characteristics are distinguishing traits or qualities, like honesty. courage, integrity or punctuality. Entrepreneurs have many favorable independent characteristics which make them successful and extraordinary persons. However, their business success depends on realistic goals and hard work. Usually, goals are achievable if these are based on the abilities, interest and resources of individuals. The most important characteristics of entrepreneurs are Leadership. Entrepreneur are leaders by the very nature of their functions. They are people who are task-oriented. They are effective planners, organizers and implementers. And they are achievers. Qualitiies of essential leadership are being selfless dedication, with purpose and vision, they have courage and conviction. Leaders can be enthusiasm with integrity, tact and handwork.

Leaders treat their fellowmen like human beings. They respect human dignity, and are aware of other human needs like belongingness, security, fulfillment and love. Entrepreneurs do not exploit their workers or employees. Instead, entrepreneurs promote the welfare of their employees.

Positive thinkers, Entrepreneur are positve thinkers. They think of success and bright sides. Such success consciousness leads entrepreneurs to success. Success beigets success.

There is nothing wrong within thinking and acquiring money and more money if it is used properly. Those who have plenty of money can satisfy their legitimate human needs, and be able to help others, especially the poor. There are many rich entrepreneurs who are actively engaged in civic and humanitarian projects.

Individuals who always think of failures and other negative thoughts get exactly what they think. Their failure consciousness or defeatist attitude gives them failure after failure. The poor became poorer because they think of poverty. While the rich become richer because thy think of wealth.

Decision maker. Entrepreneurs make decisions. They cannot avoid this. Being creative or innovative, they always make decisions on how to improve their products, how to create new markets, how increase consumers satisfaction or how to maximize profits. The success of their business depends on their ability to make the right decisions.

January 8th, 2009 by admin

The relationship between age and job performance may be an issue to most of us with the increasing importance during the next decade. There is a widespread belief that job performance declines with increasing of age. Whether its time or not, business corporations believe it and act on it. Thus there are government offices that has limited the age retirement at 62 years old optional and 65 years old as compulsory retirement.

What effect does age have on turn over, absenteeism productivity and satisfaction? Studies show that the older you get, the less likely you are to quit your job. As workers get older, they have a few job alternative opportunities. In addition older members are less likely to resign because their longer tenure tends to provide them with higher wage rates, longer paid vacations and more attractive benefits. Older employees have lower rates of avoidable absences then do younger employees. However, they have higher rates of unavoidable absences. This could be due to poor health and longer recovery period associated with aging. It is assumed that an individual’s skills particularly speed, agility, strength, and coordination decay over time and prolonged job boredom and lack of intellectual stimulation and forgetfulness all contribution to reduced productivity.

As to age and job satisfaction among professionals, satisfaction tends to continually increase as they age, whereas it falls among non-professionals during middle ages and then rises again in the later years.